: Various regulatory and structural proteins in myocardium found to be responsive to thyroid hormone. However, use of thyroid hormone is limited by cardiac effects. This study was undertaken to explore the cardioprotective action along with general toxicological impact induced by the 3, 5, 3’-triiodothyronine (T3) in a surgically developed hypothyroid female Wistar rats by administration of T3 at the dose of 2, 10, 20 & 40 µg/kg orally for 7 days. Increased alertness and locomotor activity was observed from 10µg/kg. Normalization of heart rate and body temperature was noticed at 10 and 20µg/kg dose of T3 treated hypothyroid rats when compared with normal rats. Low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, total protein and creatinine levels were altered in T3 treated rats marked at 40µg/kg. Dose dependent higher heart weight was observed, with significant from 20µg/kg in comparisons with hypothyroid rat, however rat treated with 2 and 10µg/kg shown normal weight and is comparable with euthyroid rats. Myosin heavy chain alpha and beta gene expression ratio tend toward normalization at 10 and 20µg/kg and was comparable with normal rats. Histopathological examination of heart revealed mononuclear cells infiltration with of fibroblast proliferation at 10 and 20µg/kg. Based on the finding of restoration of cardiac function in terms of heart rate, heart weight, body temperature, myosin gene expression alpha and beta ratio and proliferation of fibroblast in heart tissue indicate T3 may be explored further in treatment of hypothyroidism by precise dose selection for cardiac protective function.
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